Sustitución del alambre consumible ER80S-G por ER70S-6 en el proceso de soldadura MIG-MAG del material HARDOX C

Resumen

This work presents a comparative analysis between the consumable wires ER80S-G and ER70S-6 in the MIG-MAG welding process applied to Hardox 450 steel, used in the manufacture of road implements. The objective was to evaluate the technical and economic viability of replacing ER80S-G, which has a higher cost, with ER70S-6. Mechanical tensile tests were performed on specimens welded with both consumables, using a universal INSTRON EMIC DL30000N machine, following standardized procedures for cutting, bevelling, and welding. The results showed that ER70S-6 exhibited an average yield strength of 790.6 MPa, about 0.95% higher than ER80S-G (783.1 MPa), and a maximum tensile strength of 845.2 MPa, approximately 0.95% lower than ER80S-G (853.5 MPa). The maximum force reached was about 3.7% lower, but without significant structural detriment. Additionally, ER70S-6 demonstrated good weldability, greater malleability, and an approximate 10% lower cost, resulting in substantial economic gains. The results indicate that the substitution is technically feasible and economically advantageous, reinforcing the role of materials science in optimizing industrial processes and promoting more efficient and sustainable production.